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Young Boys Incorporated, also known as Y.B.I., was a major street gang in Detroit, Michigan, who were among the first African American drug cartels to operate on inner city street corners. The Young Boys were innovative, opening franchises in other cities, using youth too young to be prosecuted as drug runners, promoting brand names, and unleashing extreme brutality to frighten away rivals. Y.B.I. emerged at the end of the 1970s. Their modus operandi was using minors to be couriers of heroin. If police captured them, they were ineligible to receive criminal penalties for adults because their juvenile status required the law to only consider juvenile punishments. Meanwhile, the leaders, adults aged in their 20s and 30s, remained largely insulated from law enforcement action for many years.〔Simonich, Milan. "(How Detroit gang got to New Castle )." ''Pittsburgh Post-Gazette''. March 5, 2006. Retrieved on January 3, 2012. "Every cop working a beat generally knows about the criminal system that Young Boys Incorporated started during the 1980s."〕 ==History== In 1979, the group was formed by a small bunch of Detroit neighborhood friends all in their late teens at Birney Elementary School's playground. Dwayne Davis (a.k.a. Wonderful Wayne) was the only founder who became a boss at its peak. A few years later Butch Jones (a.k.a. Big Boy) was paroled from prison and joined the organization. It was about this time that Y.B.I. split into three separate crews: W.W., Raymond Peoples and Big Boy. They controlled 80% of the heroin traffic in Detroit from the summer of 1978 through 1982. From the start, Y.B.I.'s main place of operation was the Dexter/Linwood neighborhood on Detroit's Northwest side. About two years after its formation, Y.B.I. completely took over the heroin trade in and around Detroit with sales estimated at about $300,000 per day. After the split, W.W. sent one of his top lieutenants to Boston to expand his operation. After about a year, the crew, along with new members from Boston, took over most of that city's heroin trade. Sales peaked in Boston at about $50,000 per day. The organization in Detroit was seriously crippled in 1982, when, in September of that year, it was alleged that Butch Jones ordered the execution of W.W. over a turf dispute. WW was gunned down at the corner of Columbus and Lawton on Detroit's west side. A few months later, on December 7, Raymond Peoples, Butch Jones, and 41 of Y.B.I.'s top Lieutenants were indicted, convicted, and later sentenced, to long prison terms. Many believed that because of W.W.'s death, none of his crew were indicted. After Raymond Peoples was released from prison, he was shot to death as he sat in a car on the city's west side. Several of the lieutenants that W.W. sent to Boston, Eric Goin, Houston Mitchel, and Donald Norfleet, came back to Detroit after W.W.'s death and took over what was left of Y.B.I. They operated for about another six years, taking the group to another level until federal indictments came down on various group members, and crack cocaine quickly became the inner-city drug of choice over heroin. One of the members who came back from Boston with them was Steven Sealy. Sealy is best known for being gunned down and killed as he sat in Whitney Houston's Bentley in front of a Boston club. In the car with him was Bobby Brown. Butch Jones was released after serving 12 years in federal prison, but was eventually indicted again on drug and murder charges. Under U.S. Federal Law, anyone who is convicted of a drug related murder is eligible for the death penalty. Facing such punishment, Jones cooperated with federal authorities for a lesser sentence. Y.B.I'.s reputation and system of organization impacted and influenced drug gangs nationally during the 1980s and 1990s.Consequently, after their downfall, other black Detroit drug cartels copied their incredibly organized structure. Many gangs, such as "Best Friends", "Pony Down", "Black Mafia Family", and "The Chambers Brothers", rose to prominence that were featured in a Black Entertainment Television documentary series entitled "American Gangster". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Young Boys Inc.」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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